Le Bank Charter Act anglais de 1844, en organisant la convertibilité de la livre en or, a initié les mécanismes monétaires contemporains. Cette loi a aussi permis à la monnaie britannique de devenir la devise de la révolution industrielle, c'est-à-dire d'être reconnue internationalement, de servir de référence pour la fixation des prix mondiaux, et de moyen de transaction lors des échanges.

Mais le cycle amorcé en 1844 a trouvé dans la crise actuelle comme un aboutissement. En effet, le monde a épuisé durant ce siècle et demi toutes les combinaisons offertes par ce que l'économiste américain Robert Mundell a nommé "le triangle des incompatibilités". ...

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The crisis marks the end of pre-eminence in the financial sphere and the lasting decline of the City and Wall Street
It is a geopolitical, as much as an economic, financial and monetary approach which led LEAP, in February 2006, to announce the imminent arrival of what we have called « the global systemic crisis ». This same approach now tends to confirm that, in the « world after the crisis », the real economy will, once again, take on a central role, whilst these last few decades have been marked by a virtual economy in the financial sector being at the centre of affairs… (page 2)
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The five steps of the global geopolitical dislocation phase (page 7)
Beginning of the phase of global geopolitical dislocation (page 12)
Step 1: Monetary disputes and financial shocks (page 12)
Step 2: Trade disputes (page 14)
Step 3: State crises (page 14)
Step 4: Socio-political crises (page 16)
Step 5: Strategic crises (page 17)
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« Danger warning »: A list of eight sovereign risks more dangerous than Greece
Based on the most recent information available, the LEAP/E2020 team has refined its country risk classification published last autumn. From that it is clearly apparent that eight large countries are in a worse position than Greece, exactly confirming our anticipation that the Greek problem is only a tree hiding the forest… (page 18)
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Strategic and operational recommendations
Currencies, Stocks and Bonds, Country’s degree of socio-political risk… (page 20)
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The GlobalEurometre - Results & Analyses
A further change in the majority worried about the possibility of political and social upheaval in their country: those believing in such a development constitute, once again, a substantial majority this month (76% versus 57% who thought the opposite in February)… (page 22)
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